Courthouse of Poitiers by B+A Architectes – A Fusion of Heritage Preservation and Contemporary Judicial Architecture

The Courthouse of Poitiers by B+A Architectes is a striking example of how heritage preservation and modern public architecture can coexist in perfect harmony. Located in the historic heart of Poitiers, France, the project transforms a 19th-century Neo-Gothic Jesuit school into a state-of-the-art judicial facility that unites multiple jurisdictions under one roof.

This 14,300-square-meter redevelopment preserves the symbolic gravitas expected of a courthouse while introducing functional innovations that meet the demands of a contemporary judicial system. The design balances architectural monumentality, functional efficiency, and public accessibility—all within a building that holds deep cultural significance for the local community.

From Jesuit School to Unified Judicial Center

The original building, constructed in 1864, was once a bustling educational institution for generations of Poitiers’ children. Abandoned for safety reasons, the school’s imposing structure sat quietly against the hillside of the city center, a powerful but dormant part of the urban fabric.

The Ministry of Justice initiated the transformation to consolidate Poitiers’ scattered courts, enhancing efficiency and interconnectivity. However, the challenge lay in converting a protected heritage site—designed for seclusion—into an open civic space that could embody the principles of transparency, fairness, and accessibility inherent to the judicial system.

Architectural Strategy – Integrating Old and New

Rather than altering the original historic volume, B+A Architectes introduced a contemporary underground extension beneath the central garden. This addition houses 21 public courtrooms, a spacious waiting hall, and circulation routes for judges, defendants, and the public—ensuring separate, secure movement for each group without compromising heritage integrity.

The new structure is topped with a planted roof and strategically placed skylights, which double as part of the landscape design while bringing abundant natural light into the subterranean courtrooms. The roof’s folded slab design provides the structural rigidity to span the main hall while incorporating soil layers for the garden above. Its angled ceiling diffuses sunlight and optimizes acoustic performance.

Materiality and Design Language

Inside the extension, limestone wall cladding recalls the rock layers removed during construction, creating a visual connection between the building’s modern intervention and its geological and historical context.

In the historic building, former classrooms have been converted into judicial offices, while wide corridors—once accommodating streams of pupils—now serve as internal streets connecting various legal departments.

The architecture embraces traditional craftsmanship while integrating state-of-the-art engineering solutions. This sensitive approach respects the Neo-Gothic heritage while introducing a refined, contemporary spatial language that enhances public experience.

Urban and Cultural Impact

By reintegrating the courthouse into the historic city center, the project reestablishes its role as a symbol of justice while reviving collective memory. For Poitiers, this is more than a judicial facility—it is an urban landmark, a restored cultural asset, and a testament to how adaptive reuse can preserve historical identity while serving modern civic needs.